Udat mek rulɛt? Usay rulɛt kɔmɔt
Sɔm wil dɛn, wan nem, ɛn wan siti we leta rayt am dɔŋ.
Nɔbɔdi nɔ de na rɛkɔd as di pɔsin we mek rulɛt. Di gem lɛk aw wi no am tide kam na Paris na di ɛnd fɔ di 18 sɛnchri: i jɔyn wil we de tɔn frɔm ol gem dɛn wit bɛt tebul we dɛn bɔrɔ frɔm Itali ɛn Inglish tebul gem dɛn.
Di gran-gran dɛn
Tri ol gem dɛn gi di pat dɛn. Inglish E.O. (“even-odd”, ivin-ɔd) wil dɛn na di 1740 dɛn gɛt wil we de tɔn wit fɔti pɔkitikwipmɛntPɔkitWan pan di 37 smɔl ples dɛn wit nɔmba pan di rotɔ. Dɛn kin kɔl am bak: slot, kɔp.Rid ɔl → we gɛt E ɔ O mak pan dɛn ɛn bɔlikwipmɛntBɔlDi smɔl bɔl we dɛn trowe na di rod agens di rotɔ. Di nyu bɔl dɛn na ivorine ɔ Teflon, 18–21 mm.Rid ɔl → we dɛn de shub agens am; dɛn stɔp dɛn na 1745, bɔt pipul kɔntinyu fɔ ple dɛn. Roly-poly, wan Inglish gem we bin de bifo, bin tan lɛk am. Di Itali lɔtri gem biribi, we pipul se bigin na Genoa bɔt 1750 ɛn we Frans bin kɔl cavagnole, yuz bɔd wit 70 nɔmba we pleya dɛn de put bɛt pan, ɛn bag we dɛn de pul wan nɔmba frɔm; nɔmba we win de pe 64 tɛm di bɛt mɔni, wit di bɛt mɔni insay (63 to 1), so di banka de kip 6 pan ɛni 70 yunitmɔniYunitDi bes bɛt mɔni we sistɛm ɔ pleya de wok wit. Dɛn de ɛksplen prɔgrɛshɔn wit yunit so dat i go wok na ɛni tebul.Rid ɔl → we pipul bɛt, wan advantej fɔ 8.57%. Casanova, we ple am na di 1760 dɛn, kɔl am gem fɔ chita dɛn, ɛn Frans stɔp am na 1837. I gi di aydia fɔ bɛt tebulikwipmɛntBɛt tebulDi bɛt grid we dɛn print pan di tebul. Dɛn kin kɔl am bak: tebul, felt, klɔt.Rid ɔl → fɔ nɔmba wit pemɔniPeWetin bɛt we win de gi yu, dɛn de tɔk am as “X to 1” ɔn tɔp di bɛt mɔni we kam bak.Rid ɔl → we big bikɔs di chans smɔl. Hoca, we dɛn bin de ple na di Frɛnch kɔt na di 1600 dɛn, gɛt tati nɔmba ɛn kasino advantejmatematiksKasino advantejDi pat pan ɛni bɛt mɔni we di kasino de kip pan avrej: 2.70% na Yuropian rulɛt.Rid ɔl → we bil pan ples dɛn we di bank kip fɔ insɛf. Nɔ wan pan dɛn nɔto rulɛt; ɔl togɛda, na dɛn na in mama ɛn papa.
Hoca na di Frɛnch kɔt: tati nɔmba, ples fɔ di bank. Louis XIV stɔp am, bɔt pipul kɔntinyu fɔ ple.
Biribi na Itali ɛn Frans: bɔd wit nɔmba, dɛn de pul nɔmba frɔm bag, di chans smɔl.
E.O. wil dɛn na Inglish gem os dɛn: wil we de tɔn, bɔl, ivin ɔ ɔd. Dɛn stɔp dɛn na 1745.
Paris jɔyn wil ɛn bɛt tebul wit nɔmba. Ɔl tu, 0 ɛn 00, na pɔkit fɔ di kasino.
Di Palais-Royal gem we Lablée in nɔvɛl (1801) tɔk bɔt wit ditil dɛn we yu go no.
Usay dɛn mek rulɛt? Paris, bay 1796
Di nɔvɛl La Roulette, ou le Jour we Jaques Lablée rayt, we dɛn pablish na 1801, tɔk bɔt wil na di Palais-Royal na 1796 wit di nɔmba dɛn 1 to 36, rɛdbɛtRɛdIvin-mɔni bɛt pan di 18 rɛd nɔmba. Na Frɛnch: rouge.Rid ɔl → zirowilZiroDi wan grin pɔkit we nɔ ivin-mɔni, dɔzin ɔ kɔlɔm bɛt nɔ kɔba; na usay di kasino advantej kɔmɔt. Dɛn kin kɔl am bak: wan ziro, 0.Rid ɔl → ɛn blakbɛtBlakIvin-mɔni bɛt pan di 18 blak nɔmba. Na Frɛnch: noir.Rid ɔl → dɔbul zirokayn rulɛtDɔbul ziroDi 00 pɔkit na di Amɛrikan wil. Bikɔs i de, di kasino advantej de go ɔp frɔm 2.70% to 5.26%.Rid ɔl → we na fɔ di kasino, ɛn bɛt tebul wit insay bɛt ɛn atsay bɛtbɛtAtsay bɛtBɛt pan di bɔks dɛn we de rawnd di grid: dɔzin, kɔlɔm ɛn ivin-mɔni bɛt.Rid ɔl → dɛn lɛk aw dɛn de tide, mɔ ɔ lɛs. Na di fɔs ful diskripshɔn, ɛn i dɔn de di gem we wi gɛt tide. Di Palais-Royal na bin Paris in gambul eria, wit laysɛns ɛn taks, te di lɔ we stɔp am na 1837 shub di gem go na di Jamani spa tɔŋ dɛn.
Bad Homburg ɛn di spa kasino dɛnInsay bɛt ɛn atsay bɛt na rulɛt
Di nem
Roulette na Frɛnch fɔ “smɔl wil”. Pipul bin de yuz di wɔd fɔ ɔda wil gem dɛn bifo i stik pan dis wan: wan rul frɔm 1758 fɔ Nyu Frans, di Frɛnch kɔlɔni na di St Lawrence, bin dɔn stɔp “dice, hoca, faro and roulette” (dayz, hoca, faro ɛn rulɛt), lɛk aw Shelley (1988) tɛl, bɔt i nɔ se aw da rulɛt de bin tan. Na di fɔs Inglish sɔs dɛn, sɔntɛm dɛn kɔl di gem “roulet” ɔ dɛn se na “the French E.O.”. Bay di 1820 dɛn, “roulette” min wan gem nɔmɔ ɔlsay na Yurop.
Di tu ziro dɛn
Di fɔs Paris wil dɛn gɛt ɔl tu, 0 ɛn 00, ɛn dat gi di kasino advantej fɔ 5.26% pan wil wit 38 pɔkit. Di wil wit wan ziro na biznɛs muv frɔm di Blanc brɔda dɛn na Bad Homburg na 1843, fɔ pul pleya dɛn kɔmɔt na di ɔda spa dɛn. Di Amɛrikan wil kip ɔl tu ziro bikɔs di gem bin dɔn rich Amɛrika bifo di chenj, ɛn nɔbɔdi de nɔ bin gɛt rayval fɔ bit wit lɛs prays. Sɔm fɔs Amɛrikan wil dɛn go mɔ: wan bɛt tebul frɔm di 19 sɛnchri gɛt jɔs di nɔmba dɛn 1 to 28 wit 0, 00 ɛn igul, i pe wan nɔmba 27 fɔ 1, wan advantej fɔ 12.90%, ɛn i tek 9.68% pan in kɔlɔmbɛtKɔlɔmTwɛlv nɔmba na wan kɔlɔm we tinap na di bɛt tebul, i de pe 2:1.Rid ɔl → ɛn kɔla dɛn. I nɔ bin de lɔng.
Wetin mek i sprɛd
Rulɛt nɔ nid skil, i de pe ɛni minit, ɛn i de mek ɛni nɔmba fɔ pleya bɛt di sem tɛm agens kasino we nɔ go lɔs if yu ple lɔng tɛm. Fɔ di pɔsin we de rɔn am, na di bɛst gem: i kwik, i izi, i kin gro, ɛn i de mek prɔfit wit ret we dɛn no. Fɔ gɔvmɛnt, dɛn kin taks am. Di gem fala mɔni ɛn laysɛns frɔm Paris to Homburg to Monako to ɔlsay.
Monte Carlo rulɛtWetin de apin if yu ple lɔng tɛm: di lɔ fɔ big nɔmba na rulɛt
Wetin nɔ chenj
Di bɛt tebul, di pe dɛn (36/n − 1), di ɔda we wan raund de fala ɛn di wok fɔ di dila na di sem insay Lablée in diskripshɔn lɛk pan layv strim tide. Di ɔda fɔ di nɔmba dɛn pan di wil, di diflɛktaikwipmɛntDiflɛktaWan pan di mɛtal tin dɛn na di slop we de skata di bɔl we de fɔdɔm. Dɛn kin kɔl am bak: canoe, diamond, pin.Rid ɔl → dɛn ɛn di pɔkit wɔlikwipmɛntPɔkit wɔlDi mɛtal tin we sheb tu pɔkit na di wil.Rid ɔl → dɛn we lɔ na tin dɛn we dɛn impruv na di 19 sɛnchri agens pleya dɛn we dɔn lan fɔ wach di bɔl. Di wan ziro na di wan chenj we tɔch di ɔds, ɛn i mek dɛn bɛtɛ.
Kwɛstyɔn dɛn
I bin de tray wil dɛn we de tɔn na di 1650 dɛn fɔ ɔda rizin. Na stori we pipul de tɛl, nɔto pepa we pruv am. Luk in pej.
I bin gɛt laysɛns na di Palais-Royal te to 1837, dɔn dɛn stɔp am te to 1907, we dɛn gri bak fɔ kasino na spa tɔŋ ɛn tɔŋ we de nia si.
Fɔ mek di kɔla dɛn chenj wan afta di ɔda ɔltɛm, ɛn fɔ sprɛd ay/lɔ ɛn ɔd/ivin. Dɛn fiks di ɔda na di 19 sɛnchri, ɛn i nɔ chenj frɔm da tɛm.
Ple wit Mat
Tray dɛn yusɛf fɔs. Ɛni ansa de ayd; opin am we yu rɛdi.
Biribi bin de pe 64 fɔ 1 bak pan wan nɔmba pan 70, wit di bɛt mɔni: 63 to 1. Ɔmɔs advantej dat? If i bin gi bɛt pan tu nɔmba, wetin pemɔniPeWetin bɛt we win de gi yu, dɛn de tɔk am as “X to 1” ɔn tɔp di bɛt mɔni we kam bak.Rid ɔl → go kip di sem advantej?
Sho di ansa
Ansa Di advantej na 6/70, 8.57%. Bɛt pan tu nɔmba go pe 31 to 1, ful nɔmba.
Wan nɔmba de win wan tɛm pan 70 drɔ ɛn pe 63 yunitmɔniYunitDi bes bɛt mɔni we sistɛm ɔ pleya de wok wit. Dɛn de ɛksplen prɔgrɛshɔn wit yunit so dat i go wok na ɛni tebul.Rid ɔl →; di ɔda 69 drɔ de lɔs 1: (63 − 69)/70 = −6/70, advantej fɔ 8.57%. Fɔ se am ɔda we, di bank de pe 64 bak usay fɛr gemmatematiksFɛr gemGem usay nɔbɔdi nɔ gɛt advantej: ɛni bɛt gɛt valyu we fɔ ɛkspɛkt we na ziro.Rid ɔl → go pe 70.
Bɛt pan tu nɔmba wit x to 1 de win tu tɛm pan 70 drɔ: 2x yunit win ɛn 68 lɔs, valyu we fɔ ɛkspɛktmatematiksValyu we fɔ ɛkspɛktDi avrej rizɔlt fɔ ɛni bɛt if yu ple lɔng tɛm. −1/37 fɔ di bɛt mɔni fɔ ɛni nɔmal Yuropian bɛt.Rid ɔl → fɔ (2x − 68)/70. Mek 2x − 68 = −6: x = 31. Dat na 32 bak fɔ 1, af pan 64.
Biribi in pe dɛn de fala 64/n bak fɔ 1, ɛn yu fit split 64 af-af klin fɔ 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 ɛn 32 nɔmba, so dɛn bɛt de kam ful. Rulɛt in 36 de divayd bay 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18 ɛn 36, ɛn dat fit bɛt tebulikwipmɛntBɛt tebulDi bɛt grid we dɛn print pan di tebul. Dɛn kin kɔl am bak: tebul, felt, klɔt.Rid ɔl → we gɛt lain dɛn fɔ tri.
Biribi in 70 nɔmba, we dɛn le na lain dɛn, lɛf ples fɔ fɔ bɛt pan tri nɔmba. Bay di rul we de biɛn di 8.57% advantej fɔ wan nɔmba, wetin bɛt pan tri nɔmba fɔ pe? Ɔmɔs di ful pe dɛn we de nia go kɔst?
Sho di ansa
Ansa 20⅓ to 1. Fɔ pe 20 to 1 go kɔst 10%; fɔ pe 21 to 1, 5.71%.
Di rul frɔm di pazul we de ɔp: bɛt pan n nɔmba de pe 64/n bak fɔ 1. Fɔ tri nɔmba dat na 64/3 = 21⅓ bak, ɔ 20⅓ to 1, ɛn nɔ chipmɔniChipTokɛn we min wan sɛt mɔni; yu put am na di bɛt tebul fɔ mek bɛt. Dɛn kin kɔl am bak: check.Rid ɔl → nɔ fit pe dat.
Bɛt pan tri nɔmba wit x to 1 de win 3 tɛm pan 70 drɔ ɛn lɔs 67 tɛm: valyu we fɔ ɛkspɛkt fɔ (3x − 67)/70. Wit 20 to 1: −7/70, 10%. Wit 21 to 1: −4/70, 5.71%.
If dɛn raund dɔŋ bay wan tɔd pan yunit, i de kɔst di pleya nia wan pɔynt ɛn af; if dɛn raund ɔp, i de gi bak nia tri pɔynt. Tati-siks, wit in bɔku divayza, de sev rulɛt frɔm da chɔys de pan ɛni bɛt pas di Amɛrikan wan pan fayv nɔmba.
Di igul wil fɔ sɛntri nɔmba 19 gɛt 31 pɔkitikwipmɛntPɔkitWan pan di 37 smɔl ples dɛn wit nɔmba pan di rotɔ. Dɛn kin kɔl am bak: slot, kɔp.Rid ɔl →, 1 to 28 plus 0, 00 ɛn igul, ɛn i bin de pe 27 fɔ 1 pan wan nɔmba. In kɔlɔmbɛtKɔlɔmTwɛlv nɔmba na wan kɔlɔm we tinap na di bɛt tebul, i de pe 2:1.Rid ɔl → ɛn kɔla bɛt dɛn bin de kɔst 9.68%. Wetin bɛt pan fɔ nɔmba fɔ pe, “fɔ 1”, fɔ kɔst di sem?
Sho di ansa
Ansa 7 fɔ 1, we de kɔst 3/31 = 9.68%.
Bɛt we de pe X fɔ 1 de gi X yunit bak, wit di bɛt mɔni, we i win. Bɛt pan fɔ nɔmba de win 4 tɛm pan 31, so i de gi 4X yunit bak fɔ ɛni 31 we yu bɛt: valyu we fɔ ɛkspɛkt fɔ (4X − 31)/31.
Wit 7 fɔ 1 dat na −3/31, 9.68%, di sem lɛk di kɔlɔm ɛn kɔla dɛn. Wit 8 fɔ 1 i go bi +1/31, advantej fɔ di pleya. So di igul wil in rul na (28 − n)/n to 1, tri kasino pɔkit pan 31.
Smɔl jok fɔ ɛz di maynd
Inglish wil, Itali bɛt tebul, Frɛnch nem, tu ziro.
Usay wi gɛt am frɔm
- Lablée, J. La Roulette, ou le Jour.
- Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture.
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.
- Bollman, M. Mathematics of the Big Four Casino Table Games: Blackjack, Baccarat, Craps, & Roulette.
- Shelley, R. Roulette Wheel Study.
- Dictionnaire de l’Académie française, ɛdishɔn nɔmba 4.